Quantitative and qualitative methods and techniques

Methods are strategies for producing knowledge, while techniques are the tools used within them. Ethnography lives in a community, surveys count and compare across populations, history reads the past through documents, and comparison tests explanations across cases. Within these methods, sampling, questionnaires, schedules, observation, interviews, case studies and statistical analysis do different work. For example, a survey can tell you how many households migrated, but only ethnography can show what migration meant for those who stayed behind.