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ICT basics & internet

Teaching & Research Aptitude (Paper 1) · Unit 8 · ~16 min read · Original chapter

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ICT is the use of computers, networks and software to create, store, exchange and use information. The hardware is the physical machinery; the software is the set of instructions that tells it what to do; the network is what connects machines so information can move between them.

Worked example: A student writes an essay on a laptop, saves it to a pen drive, and emails it to a teacher. The laptop and pen drive are hardware; the word processor and the operating system are software; the email journey uses the internet, with SMTP sending the mail and the teacher's mail service storing it until it is read. Naming the layer — hardware, software or network — answers most ICT questions before any detail is needed.

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