Assessment: meaning, types and domains

Assessment is not the same as examination. Examination is one event; assessment is the whole process of gathering evidence about learning — observing, questioning, testing, reviewing work — and using it to judge and improve learning. Worked example: a teacher who notices during a lesson that half the class cannot solve a problem, re-teaches it, and checks again is assessing formatively; the same teacher's end-of-term test is summative. Both are assessment; only the second is an examination result.