In-service teacher education

A teacher's education cannot end at appointment, because curricula, children and technology keep changing. In-service teacher education is the continuing professional development of serving teachers — short courses, workshops, refresher programmes and school-based learning. Worked example: when a new curriculum introduces activity-based science, a one-week in-service workshop where teachers actually perform the activities, not merely hear about them, is the difference between a reform on paper and a reform in classrooms.