Indian schools of philosophy and education

Indian philosophy asks what knowledge is valid and how it should be acquired, and each school answers differently — and each answer implies a different kind of education. Sankhya-Yoga separates spirit from matter and trains the mind through discipline; Vedanta seeks the unity behind appearances; Buddhism teaches through experience and reason; Jainism insists on many-sided truth. Worked example: a teacher who asks students to test a claim by perception, inference and testimony is using the Indian idea of pramanas, the valid means of knowing.